In Europe the term "Antipodes" is often used to refer to New Zealand and Australia (and sometimes other South Pacific areas),[20] and "Antipodeans" to their inhabitants. Ruapehu's major eruptions have historically been about 50 years apart,[36] in 1895, 1945 and 1995–1996. New Zealand … A new strain of the virus was released in March 2018, a Korean form of the strain called the K5 virus, or RHDV1-K5. NEW ZEALAND DISTRIBUTES COVID-19 VACCINE FREE TO CITIZENS AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES 18/12/2020 Selin ATAY-TDO-In New Zealand, where no new cases have been announced for about 6 months, the government announced that the Covid-19 vaccine will be available free of charge to all citizens of the country and to neighboring island countries … This fault has an estimated rupture reoccurrence interval of ~330 years, and last ruptured in 1717 along 400 kilometres (250 mi) of its length. Regional Maps : … [47] New Zealand's rivers feature hundreds of waterfalls; the most visited set of waterfalls are the Huka Falls that drain Lake Taupo. Dairy, specifically, is their top export. New Zealand has emerged as the world leader in controlling Covid-19 with Australia coming in ... but more open borders left countries vulnerable to renewed outbreaks in neighbouring countries. New Zealand is part of Zealandia, a microcontinent nearly half the size of Australia that gradually submerged after breaking away from the Gondwanan supercontinent. It is a sovereign state in the south-western part of the Pacific Ocean. [97] Native flora and fauna continue to be hard-hit by invasive species. Penguin, New Zealand. [31], The South Island is much more mountainous than the North, but shows fewer manifestations of recent volcanic activity. Over three-quarters of New Zealand's population live in the North Island, with one-third of the total population living in the Auckland Region. [33] The country's highest mountain is Aoraki / Mount Cook; its height since 2014 is listed as 3,724 metres (12,218 feet) (down from 3,764 m (12,349 ft) before December 1991, due to a rockslide and subsequent erosion). It also has a diverse range of birds, several of which are flightless such as the kiwi (a national icon), the kakapo, the takahē and the weka,[93] and several species of penguins. English is spoken with regional accents relating to the origin of immigrants; for example Scottish and English 19th century immigration in Southland and Canterbury respectively. Although New Zealand feels like it is far away from everything, there are some amazing countries and tropical islands nearby to really extend your backpacking around Oceania. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk. Fortunately casualties were low due to the sparse settlement of the region. [45], The proportion of New Zealand's area (excluding estuaries) covered by rivers, lakes and ponds, based on figures from the New Zealand Land Cover Database, is (357526 + 81936) / (26821559 – 92499–26033 – 19216) = 1.6%. The new virus works much faster than the last one, expected to kill rabbits within two to four days of exposure. Volcanic activity is most common on the central North Island Volcanic Plateau. Pollution, particularly water pollution, is one of New Zealand's most significant environmental issues. Other notable locations are on the West Coast (Punakaiki), the Hawkes Bay and Fiordland. [59], The South Island contains a little under one-quarter of the population. Regional authorities are primarily responsible for environmental resource management, land management, regional transport, and biosecurity and pest management. Territorial authorities administer local roading and reserves, waste management, building consents, the land use and subdivision aspects of resource management, and other local matters. [86] These earthquakes are releasing distributed stress in the Pacific plate from the ongoing collision with the Indo-Australian plate to the west and north of the city. Most other countries do not recognise territorial claims in Antarctica. In the 2010s, warm winters did not provide the adequate cool temperatures needed for the flowering of kiwifruit, and this resulted in a reduction of the yield sizes. [108], New Zealand is often mistakenly omitted from world maps due to the country's geographic isolation and its positioning on the extreme bottom-right in many map projections.[109][110][111]. New Zealand is now the second-safest country in the world for COVID-19, according to a new report. [7], The South Island is the largest land mass of New Zealand, and is the 12th-largest island in the world. Parts of the Northland Peninsula oppose Morocco, with Whangārei nearly coincident with Tangiers. [60] New Zealand's population density of around 18 inhabitants per square kilometre[60] is among the lowest in the world. In no event shall we be liable for any loss or damage, indirect or consequential loss or damage, or any loss or damage whatsoever arising from loss of data or profits arising out of, or in connection with, the use of this website. The subduction direction is reversed through the South Island, with the Indo-Australian Plate forced under the Pacific Plate. The three highest volcanoes are Mount Ruapehu (2,797 metres (9,177 ft)), Mount Taranaki (2,518 metres (8,261 ft)) and Mount Ngauruhoe (2,287 metres (7,503 ft)). The island is divided along its length by the Southern Alps / Kā Tiritiri o te Moana. [2] New Zealand consists of a large number of islands, estimated around 600. New Zealand Wild Life. Mostly mountainous or steep hills, volcanic peaks in the central North Island, and fiords in the far south west. The 1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera, located near Rotorua, was New Zealand's largest and deadliest eruption in the last 200 years, killing over 100 people. 26,500 years ago ejecting 1,170 cubic kilometres (280 cubic miles) of material and causing the downward collapse of several hundred square kilometres to form the lake. The transition between these two different styles of continental collision occurs through the top of the South Island. AUSTRALIA wildfires burning across New South Wales are affecting glaciers in New Zealand with ash, dust and soot, according to these satellite pictures taken by NASA. Other island groups to the north are New Caledonia, Tonga and Fiji. The antipodes of the Chatham Islands lie in France, just north of the city of Montpellier. Ministry for the Environment. The foreign relations of New Zealand are oriented chiefly toward developed democratic nations and emerging Pacific Island economies. New Zealand (NZ) is an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean situated about 2000 km (1,300 mi) east of Australia.New Zealand consists of two main islands and some smaller islands. [83], New Zealand experiences around 14,000 earthquakes a year,[84] some in excess of magnitude 7 (M7). The resulting orographic rainfall enables the hydroelectric generation of most of the country's electricity. Christchurch is the driest city, receiving about 640 mm (25 in) of rain PA, while Hamilton is the wettest, receiving more than twice that amount at 1,325 mm (52.2 in) PA, followed closely by Auckland. [55] These minority foreign languages are concentrated in the main cities, particularly Auckland where recent immigration groups have settled.[72]. [98], Massive deforestation occurred after humans arrived,[99] with around half the forest cover lost to fire after Polynesian settlement. It is separated from the South Island by the Cook Strait, with the shortest distance being 23 kilometres (14 mi). The closest countries to New Zealand are: [4] It is a long and narrow country, extending 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) along its north-north-east axis with a maximum width of 400 kilometres (250 mi). [74] New Zealand's distance from world markets and spatial variation in rainfall, elevation and soil quality have defined the geography of its agriculture industry. [27] New Zealand's capital city, Wellington, is situated in the centre of this region. This is partly due to the country's relatively little air pollution compared to many other countries and the high sunshine hours. It is the southernmost nation in Oceania. [18] The northern half of the South Island corresponds to Galicia and northern Portugal. [34] The second highest peak is Mount Tasman, with a height of 3,497 metres (11,473 ft). [43], The distribution of sea caves is more sporadic, with their location and orientation being controlled by weakness in the underlying rock. The liquid lava flows out as it is insulated by the hardened crust above. To the east of the North Island the Pacific Plate is forced under the Indo-Australian Plate. New Zealand's varied landscape has appeared in television shows, such as Xena: Warrior Princess. The subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate drives rapid uplift in the centre of the South Island (approx. The Māori language (3.5 percent)[55] is spoken more commonly in areas with large Māori populations (Gisborne, Bay of Plenty and Northland). [91][92] Evergreens such as the giant kauri and southern beech dominate the forests. [68][69] This has also occurred with more recent immigration, with a wide variety of accents being common in larger cities where immigrant groups have preferentially settled. South Island cities are warmest in January. New Zealand consists of a large number of islands, esti… [94] Around 30 bird species are currently listed as endangered or critically endangered. Wild rabbits have been an agricultural since their introduction to the country in the 1930s. About two-thirds of the land is economically useful, the remainder being mountainous. Since the 2010, several large (M7, M6.3, M6.4, M6.2) and shallow (all <7 km) earthquakes have occurred immediately beneath Christchurch. New Zealand’s expansion lost momentum in 2017-18, as some key drivers started to weaken. This area has significant uplift and many active faults; large earthquakes are frequent occurrences here. [50] January and February are the warmest months, July the coldest. The third-largest is Stewart Island (or Rakiura), located 30 kilometres (19 miles) off the tip of the South Island across Foveaux Strait. About 65.4 percent of the population live in the 20 main urban areas (population of 30,000 or more) and 44.2 percent live in the four largest cities of Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington, and Hamilton. Macrofinancial vulnerabilities have increased with a housing … [28], The main geographic factors that influence New Zealand's climate are the temperate latitude, with prevailing westerly winds; the oceanic environment; and the mountains, especially the Southern Alps. It consists of a large number of islands, estimated around 600, mainly remnants of a larger land mass now beneath the sea. [85] These have resulted in 185 deaths, widespread destruction of buildings and significant liquefaction. We accept no liability for the content of external linked websites. These immigrant groups change location with time and accents fade over generations. [42], Lava caves (lava tubes) usually form in pāhoehoe lava flows, which are less viscus and typical formed from basalt. Australia reopened its travel bubble with New Zealand after the neighbouring country reported no new locally acquired COVID-19 cases. The North Island is the second-largest island, and the 14th-largest in the world. In 2013, the area was rattled by the M6.5 Seddon earthquake, but this caused little damage and no injuries. The two main islands by size are the North Island (or Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (or Te Waipounamu), separated by the Cook Strait. [46], The mountainous areas of the North Island are cut by many rivers, many of which are swift and unnavigable. [62], New Zealand's peoples have been defined by their immigrant origin, the ongoing process of adaptation to a new land, being changed and changing those who came before. North Island cities are generally warmest in February. There are 18 peaks of more than 3,000 metres (9,800 feet) in the Southern Alps, which stretch for 500 kilometres (310 mi) down the South Island. It lies in a caldera created by the Oruanui eruption, the largest eruption in the world in the past 70,000 years. Fresh water quality is under pressure from agriculture, hydropower, urban development, pest invasions and climate change,[103] although much of the country's household and industrial waste is now increasingly filtered and sometimes recycled. New Zealand's terrain ranges from the fiord-like sounds of the southwest to the sandy beaches of the far north. The Deep Knowledge Group released their latest rankings of over 250 countries this week. 10 millimetres (0.39 in) per year). New Zealand is a predominantly urban country, with 84.1 percent of the population living in an urban area. New Zealand has a particular duty to those with which it has special constitutional ties, namely Niue, the Cook Islands and Tokalau. However, farmers unanimously seem to be very grateful for the release of the virus. The New Zealand land mass has been uplifted due to transpressional tectonics between the Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific plates (these two plates are grinding together with one riding up and over the other). The South Island is dominated by the Southern Alps / Kā Tiritiri o te Moana while a volcanic plateau covers much of the central North Island. The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on June 25, 2018. The plate boundary forms the nearly 800 kilometres (500 mi) long Alpine Fault. Three-fourths of it was pastoral land using for raising sheep, beef, deer, etc. Here language and religion are used as markers for the far richer concept of culture. This submerged continent is dotted with topographic highs that sometimes form islands. In contrast, the dairy industry has not been affected, and has actually adjusted well to the effects of climate change. The North Island of New Zealand has widespread back-arc volcanism as a result of this subduction. Tsunamis affecting New Zealand are associated with the Pacific Ring of Fire. Find detailed information on New Zealand. The rapid uplift and high erosion rates within the Southern Alps combine to expose high grade greenschist to amphibolite facies rocks, including the gemstone pounamu (jade). The climate is mostly temperate with mean temperatures ranging from 8 °C (46 °F) in the South Island to 16 °C (61 °F) in the North Island. [22] This is the cause of New Zealand's numerous earthquakes and volcanoes. It is made up of two large islands (the North Island and the South Island) and many smaller islands. 7,210 square kilometres (2,780 sq mi) of the land is irrigated. When an eruption occurs the outer layer of the lava flow hardens, while the interior remain liquid. [79] Growers of kiwifruit, a major export in the horticulture industry of New Zealand, have experienced difficulties as a result of climate change. They cause significant damage to farm lands: eating the grass, crops, and causing soil degradation. Australia‘s annual rate of population increase (1.7 percent) is higher than the world average (1.2 percent) because of immigration. Trewick SA, Morgan-Richards M. 2014. The easternmost point is situated in a group of islands within the Chatham Islands called the, This page was last edited on 27 January 2021, at 22:38. There are a number of outlying islands that are not included within regional boundaries. The Lowy Institute gave New Zealand top marks in the poll with Vietnam ranking second followed by Taiwan, Thailand and Cyprus rounding out the top five countries. The table below lists climate normals for the warmest and coldest months in New Zealand's six largest cities. New Zealand has emerged as the world leader in controlling COVID-19 with Australia coming in the 8th spot in a new … Other smaller islands are eco-sanctuaries with carefully controlled access. As of 2007, almost 55 percent of New Zealand's total land area was being used for farming, which is standard compared to most developed countries. [16] Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua is the northwesternmost tip of the Aupouri Peninsula, at the northern end of the North Island. The vast majority of New Zealand's population lives on the North and South Islands. New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa) is an island country located in the south-western Pacific Ocean, near the centre of the water hemisphere. There are many large volcanoes with relatively frequent eruptions. In June, New Zealand declared itself COVID-19 free, but the borders remain closed to foreigners. New Zealand does not have a large temperature range, apart from central Otago, but the weather can change rapidly and unexpectedly. Countries Near New Zealand No doubt your journey to New Zealand is as long and as tasking as Frodo’s journey to Mordor. The New Zealand government also advised New Zealanders against travelling anywhere overseas. [107] The major agreements are listed below. It also extends towards Australia in the north-west. [23] The last eruption occurred c. 180 CE and ejected at least 100 cubic kilometres of material, and has been correlated with red skies seen at the time in Rome and China. Some of these, such as the main islands (North and South), Stewart Island, New Caledonia, and the Chatham Islands, are settled. New Zealand is located in the South Pacific Ocean at 41°S 174°E / 41°S 174°E / -41; 174, near the centre of the water hemisphere. [6] The islands give it 15,134 km (9,404 mi) of coastline and extensive marine resources. [30] This region is dominated by the rugged and relatively untouched Fiordland, an area of flooded glacially carved valleys with little human settlement. Temperatures rarely fall below 0 °C or rise above 30 °C and conditions vary from wet and cold on the South Island's west coast to dry and continental a short distance away across the mountains and near subtropical in the northern reaches of the North Island. See more at the New Zealand EmbassyPages . Above this are shrubs, and then tussock grasses. [67] While migration (typically from north to south) was constant throughout the 16–18th centuries, the south maintained a distinct culture largely due to lack of cultivation possible at that latitude. This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook website https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/. [17], The points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in New Zealand are as follows:[17], New Zealand is largely antipodal to the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. Many farmers are worried about their livelihoods and the effects that the rabbits will have on food supply and trade, as their numbers are quickly growing out of control. This earthquake generated more than 6 metres (20 ft) of vertical uplift in places, and caused a localised tsunami. [76] A major concern for New Zealand farmers is the rapidly growing wild rabbit population. Offshore Options: Managing Environmental Effects in New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone. [37] Another long chain of mountains runs through the North Island, from Wellington to East Cape. [58], The Chatham Islands is not a region, although its council operates as a region under the Resource Management Act. Despite the long expansion, inflation remains weak, reflecting imported disinflation as well as strong net inward migration, which has boosted labor supply. The New Zealand consulate in Windhoek is one of 133 New Zealand diplomatic and consular representations abroad. [70][71], A wide variety of other languages make up the remaining approximately 6 percent of New Zealanders—with Samoan, Hindi, French and various Chinese dialects being the most common. While we endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, about the completeness, topicality, quality or accuracy of the information contained on this website. Christchurch earthquakes of 2010–11, series of tremors that occurred within and near the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, and the Canterbury Plains region from early September 2010 to late December 2011. The land size of 267,710 km (103,360 sq mi) makes it the sixth-largest island country. The most powerful in recent history, the M8.3 Wairarapa earthquake, occurred in 1855. [52], The UV index can be very high and extreme in the hottest times of the year in the north of the North Island. These metrics unfortunately exclude the political rural-urban divide[63] and also the full effects of the Christchurch earthquakes on New Zealand's cultural distribution. [61] The majority of the indigenous Māori people live in the North Island (87 percent), although a little under a quarter (24 percent) live in Auckland. There are also several very large calderas, with the most obvious forming Lake Taupo. Jacinda Ardern says New Zealand has bought so many COVID-19 vaccines that it will give free doses to neighbouring countries Joshua Zitser … The east of the South Island is marked by wide, braided rivers such as the Wairau, Waimakariri and Rangitātā; formed from glaciers, they fan out into many strands on gravel plains. Organisms that grow inside of grazing animals' stomachs turn New Zealand's grass into methane. (Redirected from List of countries by number of neighbouring countries) This is a list of countries and territories by land and maritime borders . 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